Anders Johan Wiborg: Forskjell mellom sideversjoner

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(→‎Service as the Lesja sexton: SA Oslo, Kristiania bishop’s archive, supervision, visitation records, inspection 1, package 1 (1732-1810), bishop’s visits for 1806, 20 July 1806 in Lesja parish.)
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'''Anders Johan Wiborg''' war [[Klokkarar i Lesja prestegjeld|klokkar i Lesja prestegjeld]] frå før 1801 - 1838. Han var son til førre klokkar, [[Fredrik Nikolai Andersson Wiborg|Fredrik Nikolai Wiborg]]. Han ble født 1769, døde 1838, gift, overtok Sili (1-11) etter foreldra ca 1790.<ref name=Kj> Kjelland, Arnfinn: ''[[Bygdebok for Lesja]]: Gards og slektshistorie for søre del av Lesja hovudsokn''; 1996; s. 300 - 303 </ref><ref name=B> Berg, Per: ''Ei Wiborg-ættegrein på Lesja 1751 – 1900''; Hedmark Slektshistorielags Jubileumsskrift, s. 119-126, Hamar, Norway 1964 </ref>
'''Anders Johan Wiborg''' (Anders Johan Friderichsen Wiborg eller Viborg) var [[Klokkarar i Lesja prestegjeld|klokkar i Lesja prestegjeld]] frå før 1801 til 1838. Han var son til førre klokkar, [[Fredrik Nikolai Andersson Wiborg|Fredrik Nikolai Wiborg]]. Han vart født 1769 og døydde i 1838. Han var gift, og overtok Sili (1-11) etter foreldra ca 1790.<ref name=Kj> Kjelland, Arnfinn: ''[[Bygdebok for Lesja]]: Gards og slektshistorie for søre del av Lesja hovudsokn''; 1996; s. 300 - 303 </ref><ref name=B> Berg, Per: ''Ei Wiborg-ættegrein på Lesja 1751 – 1900''; Hedmark Slektshistorielags Jubileumsskrift, s. 119-126, Hamar, Norway 1964 </ref><ref name=W>Wiborg, Geir Steinar: WIBORG. En slektsgren med bakgrunn i det gamle norske bondesamfunnet; Gjøvik 1995</ref>


==Service as the Lesja sexton==
Kyrkjebøkene for Lesja (Ministerialbok nr. 6, 1769, side 582) tyder på at han var født 19. april 1769, og døpt som Anders Johan Friederichsen Wiborg den 26. april 1769. Foreldrane var [[Fredrik Nikolai Andersson Wiborg|Friderich Nicolai Wiborg]] og Ingeborg Linneman. Fadrane var kaptein Casper Zeigler, herr løytnant Berent Harig von Rappe, kapellan Steen Meldel Feldtman, madam Anna Margarethe Smidt, jomfru Catarina Hedvig Ornning og jomfru Fridericha Fischer. I [[folketeljinga 1801]] står han som klokkar og gardbrukar på Sili.


During his episcopal visitation in Lesja in 1806 Bishop Bech recorded that on 20 July minister Jordhøy gave a very appropriate, heartfelt, fluent sermon. He further mentions: “The Sexton is an industrious and gifted man.”<ref>SA Oslo, Kristiania bishop’s archive, supervision, visitation records, inspection 1, package 1 (1732-1810), bishop’s visits for 1806, 20 July 1806 in Lesja parish.</ref>
==Sjå også==


It is probable that Anders Wiborg was reasonably prosperous for the period. He not only held an income as a sexton, but was the owner and operator of Sili.  In 1768 before buying Sili in 1770, his father wrote the bishop that he had never expected that a sexton’s income would completely cover expenses, and adds that even at the croft Lierberg (a less productive farm than Sili), “when God gives us a good year so that wind & frost don’t waste & destroy the grain, my income can be reckoned at 50 or 60 riksdalers.”<ref>Kristiania Bishop’s Archive, Sextons, pk. 8, letter from Fredrik Wiborg, dated at Leirberg on 26. October 1768. Statsarkivet, Oslo.</ref> When Lassen visited Lesja in 1777, he recorded the production for Sili as yielding ten tons of grain and having 50 head of cattle, of which 30 were mature and 20 were calves. There were 7 horses on the farm and two crofts. And the farm ran both a wadmal stamping mill.<ref>Lassen, Nicolai Christian : “Diary from 1777 concerning a trip through Gudbrandsdalen” reprinted in Lillihammer in 1933, page 11</ref> This sexton in Lesja had more sources of income than the income from his farm and from the sexton’s position; for example he ran the sawmill at Flågåstad in Lesja for a period<ref>National Archives of Norway, Rentekammeret, fogdregnskap for Gudbrandsdal year 1800, summary of sawmills in Gudbrandsdal, identified “Flagestad saug” (Flågåstad sawmill) in Lesja. The saw owners name and authorization were recorded as: sexton Wiborg; licensed to saw from 25 July 1782; the saw is not destroyed and is being operated on the owner’s property. Ownership is somewhat unclear as none of the mortgage records for the period indicate that any Wiborg owned Flågåstad in Lesja from 1779 – 1789.</ref>. Hence when The local historian Ivar Kleiver called sexton Anders Wiborg in Lesja a well-to-do man who lived on the fine, well maintained farm, Sili, he was probably accurate.<ref>Ivar Kleiven: “Lesja og Dovre” (Kristiania 1923) page 149</ref>
* [[Bruker:Wiborg/Anders Johan Wiborg]] - her ligg den opphavlege engelske teksten til denne artikkelen. Det oppfordrast til å omsetje meir av artikkelen.  
 
==Family lineage==
 
Anders Johan Wiborg's father, Fredrik Nicolai Wiborg was married three times.  His first wife, Ingeborg Simensdotter Schøyen, was born about 1713, died about 1747, and was buried 9 March 1747.  Fredrik married the second time at Ringsaker in 1749 to Johanne Frederikke Falster, who was born in 1713 and was buried 8 October 1764.  Fredrik was married the third time to Ingeborg Linneman, born 1729, died 1779, and they had one son, Anders Johan Wiborg, born 18 April 1769, who took over the Sili farm and served as sexton at Lesja with and after his father.<ref name=B/><ref name=Kj/>
 
Anders Johan Wiborg's paternal grandfather, Anders Nielsen Wiborg, was a major in the Norwegian Army and Commandant of the Kristiansfjeld fortress in Elverum.  Anders Nielsen Wiborg’s family lived at Hørsand farm in [[Romedal]] from 1700-1718 and his widow continued to live there until about 1730. Anders' paternal grandmother, Marthe Hansdatter (Johansdatter) Modfeldt, was the major’s second wife.<ref name=M2>Morthoff, Bjarne & Løland, Jaco Sverre: Romedalboka: Garder og Slekter; Bind III; s. 21-53</ref>
 
Ander's paternal grandmother, Marthe Hansdatter Modfeldt was the daughter of Johan Borchersen Madfeldt (the priest at Romedal from 1665 – 1674) and Mette Nielsdatter Hofer.  Ander's paternal great-grandfather was Niels Christensen Hofer or Hofver (the priest at Romedal from 1655 – 1665) and her mother was Ingeborg Evensdatter, daughter of Kristiania merchant Even Anderssen and his wife Marthe Hansdatter.<ref name=M2/> Ander's maternal great-grandmother was sister of two priests (Ole Evensen at [[Biri]] and Anders Evensen at [[Trøgstad kommune|Trøgstad]]) as well as niece of Christen Steffensen Bang, the priest at Romedal from 1621 – 1655, who subsequently established Norway's first printing-house.<ref name =M>Morthoff, Bjarne: Romedal Bygdebok, Bind II, s 17-51 </ref>
 
==Controversy==
 
[[Ivar Kleiven]], in his book "Lesja & Dovre" criticized the Wiborg family as promoting law suits and community disputes. He also mentions this in his book "Lom og Skjaak", where he observes: “''These Wiborgs were certainly people with good skills and also had good knowledge for the period, but it is doubtful that their gift lay especially with instruction of the youth. Many of them had a strong inclination to promote court cases and willingly brought lawsuits and quarrels, surely the Lesja sexton had many such cases to deal with all the time.  It can't be denied that those of the Wiborg ancestry were rather inclined to drink strong alcohol; both in their service in church and in school work they fulfilled their obligations, but according to everything that can be found about their school work it is not possible to find any evidence that they caused any notable progress for the school.''"<ref name=K3>Ivar Kleiven: “Lom og Skjaak” (Kristiania 1915), page 284. </ref>”
 
Kleiven also indicates that Fredrik’s son, Anders, who become sexton after Fredric had a fondness for alcohol which did not sit well with the new Priest [[Pedar Alstrup Jordhøy]].<ref name=W>Wiborg, Geir Steinar: WIBORG. En slektsgren med bakgrunn i det gamle norske bondesamfunnet; Gjøvik 1995</ref>
 
===Fondness for drink===
[[Ivar Kleiven]] suggested that Anders was excessively fond of alcoholic drink. Kleiven based some of his comments on Jakob Olsen Sønstebø’s diary, which he quotes as including several stories critical of the Wiborg sextons (probably focused on Fredrik’s son, Andrew).  The first story (roughly translated into English) goes: “''When he and the sexton were in Folldal the Priest Pedar Alstrup Jordhøy kept a good pace so the sexton wouldn't have time to find something to drink before they moved on. They always took a rest at Synstbø before they took to the mountains, and at that farm the priest had forbidden the residents to let Wiborg have any strong drink to go. But the fox is not easy to shepherd, as they've said from old, every time those two were well in the sleigh or cariole and about to drive from the farm, the sexton had forgotten something in the house, his pipe, whip or mittens which he just had to go back after. And in the cabinet the bottle stood full so the woman could hurriedly pour a drink for the sexton.''”<ref name=Kl>Kleiven, Ivar: Gamal bondekultur i Gudbrandsdalen: Lesja og Dovre. 1923 </ref><ref name=W/>
 
===Self satisfaction===
[[Ivar Kleiven]] further suggested that Anders was overly proud of his financial success and perhaps of his family connections. Kleiven records a story to illustrate this, “Jordhøy was a man of eloquence and wit, able to amuse himself over things he found funny. With the sexton at Lesja, Anders Wiborg, the priest had a slightly-off-kilter relationship and he occasionally spoke to him sharply. Wiborg was a prosperous man and the priest thought he made too much of himself. So on one Sunday, as they rode over Dombas moor (heath), the priest and sexton on their way to the church in Dovre; suddenly the priest started chuckling and laughed so heartily, that the sexton eventually had to ask what he found so funny. ‘Certainly, I have heard that the sexton shall have a leg of mutton at the home of every farmer in Dovre, but now it appears that the sexton is without meat’, responded the priest, and laughed as before.<ref>Ivar Kleiven: “Lesja og Dovre” (Kristiania 1923), page 145 and following</ref>”
 
We've seen above that Wiborg had enjoyed some financail success and it is credible that he may have been overly self-satisfied. It is clear that the Wiborg family was somewhat connected within Gudbrandsdal in that period. Anders himself descended from an army officer and a number of his great uncles are military officers. His grandparents and great grandparents include several ministers. Members of the family were lawyers, bailiffs and sextons throughout the upper Gudbrandsdal. It is possible he was overly proud of this as well.
 
===Court case promotion===
 
Kleiven further mentions that the three clerks in the Gudbrandsdal often: “''had a strong mind to promote court cases and willingly brought lawsuits and quarrels, surely the Lesja sexton had many such cases to deal with all the time''”<ref name=K2>Ivar Kleiven; Lom and Skjaak; Kristiania (1915) page 284.</ref>  G.S. Wiborg believes there is probably an element of truth in this assertion, but suggests that Kleiven’s assessment is probably overstated. Kleiven may have misconstrued circumstances in part, as Per Berg explains in his article titled “Ei Wiborg-ættgrein a Lesja 1751-1900” in which Berg points out that Kleiven appears to have conflated sexton Anders Wiborg in Lesja with the lawyer Anders (Olsen) Wiborg when he wrote his local history. The first was the sexton in Lesja from 1785, and before that was adjutant sexton along with his father, sexton Fredrick Wiborg - there is no evidence that the sexton Anders Wiborg was involved in suites.  On the other hand lawyer Anders Wiborg, a completely different person, certainly initiated many debt collection suits in Lesja community from 1785 on, and also initiated numerous suits throughout the entire Gudbrandsdal valley.<Ref name=W/><ref name=B/>
 
GS Wiborg further exculpates the sexton Anders Wiborg by pointing out that Kleiven's assertions about the Lesja sexton might also have been colored because the sexton in Lom, Henrik Wiborg, who succeeded his father (Ole Wiborg) as bailiff in Lom and served through the 1770s, became sexton at Lom in 1783.  As bailiffs in the Lom law proceedings throughout the 1770s and 1780s, it is hardly surprising that the Wiborg name routinely appears in the records of the period.  Thus Kleiven’s conclusion that the Wiborg name appears appears frequently in the legal records for Gudbrandsdal during the period from 1772 until 1808 had a basis, and it is possible for some to interpret these appearances as a Wiborg family inclination to lawsuits.<Ref name=W/>
 
===Skill at education===
 
Ivar Kleiven criticized Anders Wiborg's skill as a schoolmaster. Although Ander's father and predecessor as sexton in Lesja had been educated by a minister and was a schoolmaster in Ringsaker before he became sexton in Lesja in 1751, there is no record that Anders had been so educated. 
 
It would help to have some perspective on Norwegian education of the period in the upper Gudbrandsdal. In 1805 a countrywide survey of the ministers about sextons and schoolmasters was performed.  The minister in Lom (a parish adjacent to Lesja) responded that none of the Lom schoolteachers had been educated at a teacher’s school except Lars Henriksen Wiborg, who had recently been accepted as schoolmaster.<ref>State Archives, Oslo, Kristiania bishops archive, sextons, package 8, letter from H. Arntzen dated Lom churchyard on 5 December 1805.</ref>


==Referansar==
==Referansar==
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[[Kategori: Lesja kommune]]
[[Kategori: Lesja kommune]]
[[Kategori: Klokkere]]
[[Kategori: Klokkere]]
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Nåværende revisjon fra 8. feb. 2016 kl. 16:31

Anders Johan Wiborg (Anders Johan Friderichsen Wiborg eller Viborg) var klokkar i Lesja prestegjeld frå før 1801 til 1838. Han var son til førre klokkar, Fredrik Nikolai Wiborg. Han vart født 1769 og døydde i 1838. Han var gift, og overtok Sili (1-11) etter foreldra ca 1790.[1][2][3]

Kyrkjebøkene for Lesja (Ministerialbok nr. 6, 1769, side 582) tyder på at han var født 19. april 1769, og døpt som Anders Johan Friederichsen Wiborg den 26. april 1769. Foreldrane var Friderich Nicolai Wiborg og Ingeborg Linneman. Fadrane var kaptein Casper Zeigler, herr løytnant Berent Harig von Rappe, kapellan Steen Meldel Feldtman, madam Anna Margarethe Smidt, jomfru Catarina Hedvig Ornning og jomfru Fridericha Fischer. I folketeljinga 1801 står han som klokkar og gardbrukar på Sili.

Sjå også

Referansar

  1. ↑ Kjelland, Arnfinn: Bygdebok for Lesja: Gards og slektshistorie for søre del av Lesja hovudsokn; 1996; s. 300 - 303
  2. ↑ Berg, Per: Ei Wiborg-ættegrein på Lesja 1751 – 1900; Hedmark Slektshistorielags Jubileumsskrift, s. 119-126, Hamar, Norway 1964
  3. ↑ Wiborg, Geir Steinar: WIBORG. En slektsgren med bakgrunn i det gamle norske bondesamfunnet; Gjøvik 1995
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